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【學術講座】天地生人,除大仁大惡兩種,餘者皆無大異| yu-cun 169

雨村道:天地生人,除大仁大惡兩種,餘者皆無大異。若大仁者,則應運而生,大惡者,則應劫而生。運生世治,劫生世危。

Yu-cun said as follows: The generative processes operating in the universe provide the great majority of mankind with nature in which good and evil are commingled in more or less equal proportions。

Instances of exceptional goodness and exceptional badness are produced by the operation of beneficent or noxious ethereal influences, of which the former are symptomatized by the equilibrium of society and the latter by its disequilibrium。

堯、舜、禹、湯(成湯、商湯,商代開國君主)、文(周文王)、武(周武王)、周(周公旦)、召(召公奭)、孔、孟、董(漢代董仲舒)、韓(唐代韓愈)、周(北宋周敦頤)、程(北宋程顥、程頤兄弟)、張(北宋張載)、朱(南宋朱熹),皆應運而生者。

Thus, Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, King Wen, King Wu, the Duke of Zhou, the Duke of Shao, Confucius, Mencius, Dong Zhong-shu, Han Yu, Zhou Dun-yi, the Cheng brothers, Zhu Xi and Zhang Zai, all instances of exceptional goodness were born under the influence of benign forces。

蚩尤、共工、桀、紂、始皇、王莽、曹操、桓溫、安祿山、秦檜等,皆應劫而生者。

Whilst Chi You, Gong Gong, Jie, Zhou, the First Qin Emperor, Wang Mang, Cao Cao, Huan Wen, An Lu-shan, and Qin Kuai all instances of exceptional badness were born under the influence of harmful forces。

仁者秉正氣,惡者秉邪氣。所餘之正氣混合所餘之邪氣,亦必賦人,發洩一盡始散。男女偶秉此氣而生者,若生於公侯富貴之家,則為情痴情種;若生於詩書清貧之族,則為逸士高人;縱再偶生於薄祚寒門,則為奇優名倡。

Exceptional goodness have a pure, quintessential humour; Exceptional badness have a cruel, preverse humour。 When an unused surplus of this pure, quintessential humour met an unused surplus of the cruel and perverse humour, the two will become locked in irreconcible conflict thus will find its way into some human creature。

Born into a rich or noble household they are likely to become great lovers or occasion of great love in others; in a poor but well-educated household they will become literary rebels or eccentric aesthetes; even if they are born in the lowest stratun of society they are likely to become great actors or famous hetaera。

如前代之許由、陶潛、阮籍、嵇康、劉伶、王謝二族、顧虎頭(顧愷之)、陳後主(陳叔寶)、唐明皇、宋徽宗、劉庭芝(劉希夷)、溫飛卿(溫庭筠)、米南宮(米芾)、石曼卿(石延年)、柳耆卿(柳永)、秦少游(秦觀),近日之倪雲林(倪瓚)、唐伯虎、祝枝山,再如李龜年、黃幡綽(唐代《霓裳羽衣曲》石刻的篆刻者)、敬新磨(五代後唐人,莊宗寵愛的優伶)、卓文君、紅拂(風塵三俠之一,古代奇女子的代表)、薛濤、崔鶯、朝雲(蘇東坡的紅顏知己)之流,此皆易地則同人也。

For examples I might cite: Xu You, Tao Yuan-ming, Ruan Ji, Ji Kang, Liu Ling, the Wang and Xie clans of the Jin period, Gu Kai-zhi, the last ruler of Chen, the emperor Ming-huang of Tang dynasty, the emperor Hui-zong of the Song dynasty, Liu Ting-zhi, Wen Ting-yun, Mi Fu, Shi Yan-nian, Liu Yong and Qin Guan; or from more recent centuries: Ni Zan, Tang Yin and Zhu Yun-ming;

or again, for examples of the last type: Li Gui-nian, Huang Fan-chuo, Jing Xin-mo, Zhuo Wen-jun, Little Red Duster, Xue Tao, Cui Ying-ying and Morning Cloud。 All of these, though their circumstances differed, were essentially the same。

賈寶玉亦乃其中之一也。

Jia Bao-yu is one of them。